Bibliography of Research on the Acquisition of Indigenous Languages

Clifton Pye

Email: pyersqr (at) ku (dot) edu

This bibliography lists books, articles and dissertations on the acquisition of one or more indigenous languages, and showcases the discoveries that stem from the study of indigenous language acquisition. The definition of what constitutes an indigenous language that I used is inclusive in the sense that the bibliography includes indigenous languages that have some national status. Please send me information about any resources that you would like to see added to this list.

The Childes web site contains a link to a bibliography of research articles on child language acquisition up to approximately 2002 (childes/BIB). This bibliography was constructed by Roy Higginson and Brian MacWhinney and published by Lawrence Erlbaum in 1994. The childes/BIB bibliography includes articles from earlier bibliographies by Werner Leopold, Dan Isaac Slobin, and Adele Abrahamsen. The bibliography contains articles on the acquisition of English and other majority languages in addition to articles on the acquisition of indigenous languages.

General Research

Kelly, B. F. & Nordlinger, R. (2014). Fieldwork and first language acquisition. In L. Gawne & J. Vaughan (Eds.), Selected papers from the 44th Conference of the Australian linguistic society, 2013. Retrieved from http://bit.ly/ALS2013Proceedings.

Kelly, B. F., Forshaw, W., Nordlinger, R. & Wigglesworth, G. (2015). Linguistic diversity in first language acquisition research: Moving beyond the challenges. First language 35(4-5), 286-304.

Lieven, E. & Stoll, S. (2013). Early communicative development in two cultures: A comparison of the communicative environments of children from two cultures. Human development 56, 178-206.

Pfeiler, B. (2007). Introduction: The view from Mesoamerica. In B. Pfeiler (Ed.), Learning indigenous languages: Child language acquisition in Mesoamerica (pp. 1-13). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Pye, C. (2020). Documenting the acquisition of indigenous languages. Journal of Child Language 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000920000318.

Simpson, J. (2008). Language landscapes of children in remote Australia. In R. Amery & J. Nash (Eds.), Inaugural Indigenous Languages Conference (pp. 51-60). Adelaide, South Australia, Australia: University of Adelaide.

Simpson, J. & Wigglesworth, G. (Eds.). (2008). Children’s Language and Multilingualism: Indigenous Language Use at Home and School London, England: Continuum International.

Stoll, S. (2016). Studying language acquisition in different linguistic and cultural settings. In N. Bonvillain (Ed.), The routledge handbook of linguistic anthropology (pp. 140-158). New York: Routledge.

Stoll, S. & Lieven, E. (2014). Studying language acquisition cross-linguistically. In H. Winskel & P. Pradakannaya (Eds.), South and Southeast Asian psycholinguistics (pp.19-35). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139084642.004.

Africa

Bantu

Sesotho

Demuth, K. (1984). Aspects of Sesotho Language Acquisition. Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club.

Demuth, K. (1984). The acquisition of pragmatic word order in Sesotho. Papers & Reports on Child Language Development 23: 33-40.

Demuth, K. (1987). Discourse functions of word order in Sesotho acquisition. In R. Tomlin (Ed.), Coherence and Grounding in Discourse (pp. 91-108). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Demuth, K. (1988). Noun classes and agreement in Sesotho acquisition. In M. Barlow and C. A. Ferguson (Eds.), Agreement in Natural Languages: Approaches, Theories, and Descriptions (pp. 305-321). Center for the Study of Language and Information: University of Chicago Press.

Demuth, K. (1989). Maturation, continuity, and the acquisition of Sesotho passive. Language 65: 56-80.

Demuth, K. (1989). Problems in the acquisition of grammatical tone. Papers & Reports on Child Language Development 28: 81-88.

Demuth, K. (1990). Subject, topic, and Sesotho passive. Journal of Child Language 17: 67-84.

Demuth, K. (1991). Acquisition of the Sesotho tonal system. Afrikanistiche Arbeitspapiere 26: 5-35.

Demuth, K. (1992). The acquisition of Sesotho. In D. I. Slobin (Ed.), The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, Vol. 3, (pp. 557-638). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Zulu

Suzman, S. (1980). Acquisition of the noun class system in Zulu. Papers & Reports on Child Language Development 19: 45-52.

Suzman, S. (1982). Strategies for acquiring Zulu concord. South African Journal of African Languages 2: 53-67.

Suzman, S. (1985). Learning the passive in Zulu. Papers & Reports on Child Language Development 24: 131-137.

Suzman, S. (1987). Passives and prototypes in Zulu children’s speech. African Studies 46: 241-254.

Suzman, S. (1991). Language Acquisition in Zulu. Doctoral dissertation. University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg

Asia

Sino-Tibetan

Chintang

Stoll, S. and Bickel, B. (2013). The acquisition of ergative case in Chintang. In E. Bavin & S. Stoll (Eds.), The acquisition of ergativity, (pp. 183-207). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Stoll, S., Bickel, B., Lieven, E., Banjade, G., Bhatta, T. N., Gaenszle, M., Paudyal, N. P., Pettigrew, J., Rai, I. P., Rai, M. and Rai, N. K. (2012). Nouns and verbs in Chintang: Children's usage and surrounding adult speech. Journal of Child Language 39: 284-321.

Stoll, S., Bickel, B., Lieven, E., Banjade, G., Zakharko, T., Schikowski, R., Bhatta, T. N., Gaenszle, M., Paudyal, N. P., Rai, M., Rai, I. P. and Rai, N. K. (2013). Audiovisual Corpus on the Acquisition of Chintang, ca. 1 mio. words. DOBES Archive. [http://www.mpi.nl/DOBES]

Stoll, S., Mazara, J. & Bickel, B. (2017). The acquisition of polysynthetic verb forms in Chintang. In M. Fortescue, M. Mithun & N. Evans (Eds.) Oxford Handbook of Polysynthesis (pp. 495-514). Oxford University Press.

Australia

Murrinhpatha

Forshaw, W. (2016). Little kids, big verbs: The acquisition of Murrinhpatha bipartite stem verbs. Doctoral dissertation. The University of Melbourne, Australia.

Forshaw, W., Davidson, L., Kelly, B., Nordlinger, R., Wigglesworth, G. & Blythe, J. (2017). The acquisition of Murrinhpatha (Northern Australia). In M. Fortescue, M. Mithun & N. Evans (Eds.) Oxford Handbook of Polysynthesis (pp. 473-494). Oxford University Press.

Pama Nyungan

Warlpiri (Warlbiri)

Bavin, E. L. (1987). Anaphora in children’s Warlpiri. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 10(2), 1-11.

Bavin, E. L. (1992). The acquisition of Warlpiri. In D. I. Slobin (Ed.), The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, Vol. 3, (pp. 309-372). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Bavin, E. L. (2000). Ellipsis in Warlpiri children’s narratives: An analysis of Warlpiri frog stories. Linguistics 38: 569-589.

Bavin, E. L. (2013). The acquisition of ergative case in Warlpiri. In E. Bavin & S. Stoll (Eds.), The acquisition of ergativity, (pp. 107-131). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Bavin, E. L. (2017). The acquisition of ergativity: An overview. In D. Massam, L. Travis & J. Coon (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of ergativity (pp. 631-645). Oxford University Press.

Austronesian

Malayo-Polynesian

Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa

Balinese

Aryawibawa, I. N., Putra Yadnya, I. B., Ngurah Parthama, I. G. and Pye, C. (2018). Balinese spatial reference frames: Linguistic and non-linguistic evidence from the north of Bali. Lingua 215: 40-52.

Oceanic

Polynesian

Samoan

Kernan, K. (1969). The Acquisition of Language by Samoan Children. Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.

Kernan, K. (1974). The acquisition of formal and colloquial styles of speech by Samoan children. Anthropological Linguistics

Ochs, E. (1982). Ergativity and word order in Samoan child language: A sociolinguistic study. Language

Ochs, E. (1982). Talking to children in Western Samoa. Language in Society 11: 77�104.

Ochs, E. (1985). Variation and error: A sociolinguistic approach to language acquisition in Samoa. In D. I. Slobin (Ed.), The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, Vol. 1, (pp. 783-838). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Ochs, E. (1988). Culture and Language Development: Language Acquisition and Language Socialization in a Samoan Village. Cambridge University Press.

Europe

Isolate

Basque (Euskera)

Austin, J. (2007). Grammatical interference and the acquisition of ergative case in bilingual children learning Basque and Spanish. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 10(3): 315-331. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Austin, J. (2012). The case-agreement hierarchy in acquisition: Evidence from children learning Basque, Lingua 122(3): 289-302. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Austin, J. (2013). Ergativity in child Basque. In E. Bavin & S. Stoll (Eds.), The acquisition of ergativity, (pp. 35-70). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Austin, J. (2017). The role of defaults in the acquisition of Basque ergative and dative morphology. In D. Massam, L. Travis & J. Coon (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of ergativity (pp. 646-664). Oxford University Press.

Ezeizabarrena, M. (1996). Adquisición de la morfología verbal en euskera y castellano por niños bilingües. Bilbao: Servicio Editorial de la Universidad del País Vasco.

Ezeizabarrena, M. J. (2012). The (in)consistent ergative marking in early Basque: L1 vs. child L2. Lingua 122(3): 303-317.

Ezeizabarrena, M. and Larrañaga, P. (1996). Ergativity in Basque: A problem for language acquisition? Linguistics 34: 955-991. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Mexico and Guatemala

Mayan

Comparative Mayan

Brown, P., Barbara Pfeiler, Lourdes de León and Clifton Pye. (2013). The Acquisition of Agreement in Four Mayan Languages. In Edith Bavin and Sabine Stoll (eds.), The Acquisition of Ergativity, pp. 271-305. John Benjamins: Amsterdam.

Pye, C. y Mateo, P. (2006). Estudio comparativo de la adquisición del sistema ergativo en dos lenguas mayas. Proceedings of the Congreso de Idiomas Indígenas de Latinoamérica.

Pye C., Pfeiler, B., de León, L., Brown, P. and Mateo, P. (2007). Roots or edges?: A comparative study of Mayan children’s early verb forms. In Barbara Pfeiler (ed.), Learning indigenous languages: Child language acquisition in Mesoamerica, pp. 15-46. Hannover: Verlag für Ethnologie, Colección Americana X.

Pye, C., Pfeiler, B. & Mateo Pedro, P. (2013). The acquisition of extended ergativity in Mam, Q’anjob’al and Yucatec. In E. Bavin & S. Stoll (Eds.), The acquisition of ergativity, (pp. 307-335). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Pye, C. and Pfeiler, B. (2014). The Acquisition of Ergative Agreement in Mayan Languages. Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on the Indigenous Languages of Latin America, October 24-26, 2013, University of Texas at Austin.

Pye, C. (2017). The comparative method of language acquisition research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Pye, C. & Pfeiler, B. (2017). A comparative study of the acquisition of nominative and ergative agreement in European and Mayan languages. In D. Massam, L. Travis & J. Coon (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of ergativity (pp. 665-689). Oxford University Press.

Pye, C., Pfeiler, B. & Mateo Pedro, P. (2017). The acquisition of Mayan languages. In J. Aissen, N. England & R. Zavala Maldonado (Eds.), The Mayan languages (pp. 19-42). London: Routledge.

Pye, C., Barbara Pfeiler, Pedro Mateo Pedro and Donald Stengel. (2017). Analysis of Variation in Mayan Child Phonologies. Lingua 198:38-52.

Pye, Clifton, Barbara Pfeiler and Pedro Mateo Pedro. (2017). The Acquisition of Negation in Three Mayan Languages. Estudios de Cultura Maya 49: 227-246.

Pye C. and B. Pfeiler. (2019). The Acquisition of Directionals in Two Mayan Languages. Front. Psychol. 10:2442. [doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02442].

Chuj

Ch’ol (Chol)

de León, L. (2007). A preliminary view at Ch’ol (Mayan) early lexicon: The role of language and cultural context. In B. Pfeiler (Ed.), Learning indigenous languages: Child language acquisition in Mesoamerica (pp. 85-101). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Pye, C. (2017). The comparative method of language acquisition research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

K’iche’ (K’ichee’, Quiché)

Pye, C. (1979). The Acquisition of Quiché (Mayan). Current Anthropology 20:459-60.

Pye, C. (1980). Person Marker Acquisition in Quiché Mayan. Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, Stanford, 19:53-9.

Pye, C. (1983). Mayan telegraphese: Intonational determinants of inflectional development in Quiché Mayan. Language 59, 583-604.

Bernstein Ratner, N. and Pye, C. (1984). Higher Pitch in BT is not Universal: Acoustic Evidence from Quiché Mayan. The Journal of Child Language 11:515-522.

Pye, C. (1985). The Acquisition of Transitivity in Quiché Mayan, Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, Stanford, 24:115-22.

Pye, C. (1986). Quiché Mayan Speech to Children. The Journal of Child Language 13:85-100.

Pye, C., Ingram, D. and List, H. (1987). A Comparison of Initial Consonant Acquisition in English and Quiché. In Keith Nelson and Anne van Kleeck (Eds.), Children's Language, Vol. 6, pp. 175-190. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Pye, C. and Quixtan Poz, P. (1988). Precocious Passives (and Antipassives) in Quiché Mayan, Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, Stanford, 27.71-80.

Pye, C. and Quixtan Poz, P. (1989). Why Functionalism won’t Function: The Acquisition of Passives and Antipassives in K’iche’ Mayan. Working Papers in Language Development, 4.39-53. The Child Language Program, University of Kansas.

Pye, C. (1990). The Acquisition of Ergative Languages. Linguistics 28.1291-1330.

Pye, C. and Rekart, D. (1990). La Adquisición del K’iche’. In Nora C. England and Stephen R. Elliott (Eds.), Lecturas sobre la Lingüistica Maya, pp. 115-126. La Antigua, Guatemala: Centro de Investigaciones Regionales de Mesoamérica.

Pye, C. (1991). Acquiring Lexical Constraints on Causatives in K’iche’ Maya. Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, Stanford, 30.96-103.

Pye, C. (1991). The Acquisition of K’iche’ (Maya). In Dan Isaac Slobin (Ed.), The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition,Vol. 3, pp. 221-308. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Pye, C. (1993). A Cross-Linguistic Approach to the Causative Alternation, in Yonata Levy (Ed.), Other Children, Other Languages, pp. 243-263. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Pye, C., Loeb, D. F., Pao, Y. Y. (1996). The Acquisition of Breaking and Cutting. In E. V. Clark (Ed.), The Proceedings of the Twenty-seventh Annual Child Language Research Forum, 27.227-236. Stanford: Center for the Study of Language and Information.

Pye, C. (2001). The Acquisition of Finiteness in K’iche’ Maya. BUCLD 25: Proceedings of the 25th annual Boston University Conference on Language Development, pp. 645-656. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.

Pye, C. (2001). La adquisición de la morfología verbal en el maya k’iche’. In Cecilia Rojas and Lourdes de León (eds.), Procedimientos del IV Encuentro sobre Adquisición del Lenguaje. Mexico.

Pye, C. (2017). The comparative method of language acquisition research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Mam

Pye, C. (2013). A Tale of Two Mam Children: Contact Induced Language Change in Mayan Child Language. International Journal of American Linguistics 79 (4): 555-575.

Pye, C. (2017). The comparative method of language acquisition research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Q’anjob’al

Mateo Pedro, Pedro. (2015). The acquisition of inflection in Q’anjob’al Maya. Amsterdam: Benjamins.

Tzeltal

Brown, P. (1994). The INs and ONs of Tzeltal locative expressions: The semantics of static descriptions of location. Linguistics 32: 743-790.

Brown, P. (1997). Isolating the CVC root in Tzeltal Mayan: A study of children’s first verbs. In Proceedings of the 28th annual child language research forum, ed. by Eve V. Clark, 41-52. Stanford, CA: CSLI/University of Chicago Press.

Brown, P. (1998). Children’s first verbs in Tzeltal: Evidence for an early verb category. Linguistics 36, 713-53.

Brown, P. (1998). Conversational structure and language acquisition: The role of repetition in Tzeltal adult and child speech. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 8: 197-221.

Brown, P. (2001). Learning to talk about motion UP and DOWN in Tzeltal: Is there a language-specific bias for verb learning? In M. Bowerman & S. C. Levinson (Eds.), Language acquisition and conceptual development (pp. 512-543). Cambridge University Press.

Brown, P. (2007). Culture-specific influences on semantic development: Acquiring the Tzeltal ‘benefactive’ construction. In Learning indigenous languages: Child language acquisition in Mesoamerica, ed. by Barbara Pfeiler, 119-54. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Brown, P. (2008). Verb specificity and argument realization in Tzeltal child language. In Crosslinguistic perspectives on argument structure: Implications for language acquisition, ed. by Melissa Bowerman and Penelope Brown, 167-89. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Brown, Penelope, and Stephen C. Levinson. (2000). Frames of spatial reference and their acquisition in Tenejapan Tzeltal. In Culture, thought, and development, ed. by L. Nucci, G. Saxe, and E. Turiel, 167-97. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Stross, B. (1969). Language acquisition by Tenejapa Tzeltal children. Working paper No. 20. Language-Behavior Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley.

Tzotzil

de León, L. (1994). Exploration in the acquisition of geocentric location by Tzotzil children. Linguistics 32: 857-884.

de León, L. (1999). Verb roots and caregiver speech in early Tzotzil acquisition. In Cognition and function in language, ed. by B. A. Fox, D. Jurafsky, and L. A. Michaelis, 99-119. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Center for Language and Information.

de León, L. (2000). The emergent participant: Interactive patterns of socialization of Tzotzil (Mayan) children. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 8: 131-161.

de León, L. (2001). Finding the richest path: Language and cognition in the acquisition of verticality in Tzotzil (Mayan). In Language acquisition and conceptual development, ed. by Melissa Bowerman and Stephen Levinson, 544-65. Cambridge University Press.

de León, L. (2001). Why Tzotzil (Mayan) children prefer verbs: The role of linguistic and cultural factors over cognitive determinants. In M. Almgren, A. Barrena, M.-J. Ezeizabarrena, I. Idiazabal, & B. MacWhinney (Eds.), Proceedings of the 8th conference of the international association for the study of child language (pp. 947-969). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.

de León, L. (2005). La llegada del alma: Lenguaje, infancia y socialización entre los mayas de Zinacantán. México: Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia.

Wastek (Huastec, Teenek)

Larsen, K. (1949). Huasteco baby talk. El México antiguo 7, 295-298.

Pfeiler, B. & Pye, C. (2012). The acquisition of pronominal clitics in Teenek Maya (hua). Poster presentation at the 5th Conference on Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition North America (GALANA 2012), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, October 12, 2012.

Yucatec (Maya)

Carrillo Carreón, C. (2007). Early acquisition of split intransitive system in Yukatek. In B. Pfeiler (Ed.), Learning indigenous languages: Child language acquisition in Mesoamerica (pp. 69-83). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Pfeiler, B. (2000). A case study on early acquisition of verbs in Yucatec Maya. In First verbs: on the way to mini-paradigms, ZAS Papers in Linguistics 18, Nov. 2000, ed. by Dagmar Bittner, Wolfgang U. Dressler, and Marianne Kilani-Schoch, 69-79. Berlin: Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung.

Pfeiler, B. (2002). Noun and verb acquisition in Yucatec Maya. In M. D. Voeikova & W. U. Dressler (Eds.), Pre- and Protomorphology: Early phases of mophological development in nouns and verbs (pp. 75-82). Lincom Studies in Theoretical Linguistics 29. München: Lincom.

Pfeiler, B. (2003). Early acquisition of the verbal complex in Yucatec Maya. In Development of verb inflection in first language acquisition, ed. by Dagmar Bittner, Wolfgang U. Dressler, and Marianne Kilani-Schoch, 379-99. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Pfeiler, B. (2006). Polyvalence in the acquisition of early lexicon in Yucatec Maya. In Lexical categories and root classes in Amerinidian languages, ed. by Ximena Lois, and Valentina Vapnarsky, 319-41. Frankfurt: Peter Lang Verlag.

Pfeiler, B. (2007). ‘Lo oye, lo repite y lo piensa’. The contribution of prompting to the socialization and language acquisition in Yukatek Maya toddler. In Learning indigenous languages: Child language acquisition in Mesoamerica, ed. by Barbara Pfeiler, 183-202. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Straight, S. H. (1976). The acquisition of Maya phonology: Variation in Yucatec child language. New York: Garland.

Otomanguean

Northern Pame (Xi’iuy)

Pye, C., Berthiaume, S., & Pfeiler, B. (2020). Northern Pame-Spanish language acquisition in the context of incipient language loss. International journal of bilingualism 24(2): 246-265. [doi.org/10.1177/1367006919826328].

Zapotec

Jensen de López, K. (2007). Bcuaa quiang - I stepped HEAD it! The acquisition of Zapotec bodypart locatives. In B. Pfeiler (Ed.), Learning indigenous languages: Child language acquisition in Mesoamerica (pp. 155-182). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Stemberger, J. P. & Chávez-Peón, M. E. 2014. Overgeneralization in the processing of complex forms in Valley Zapotec child language. Semantic considerations of lexical processing. Thematic issue of the mental lexicon 9(1), 107-130.

Uto-Aztecan

Huichol

Gómez López, P. (1998). Factores perceptuales y semánticos en la adquisición de la morfología en huichol. Función 18, 175-204.

Gómez López, P. (2007). Acquisition of referential and relational words in Huichol: From 16 to 24 months of age. In B. Pfeiler (Ed.), Learning indigenous languages: Child language acquisition in Mesoamerica (pp. 103-118). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Nahuatl

Ramírez Nava, E. (2005). Adquisición de los prefijos de sujeto y objeto en el nahuatl de la Huasteca Veracruzana. Un estudio de caso de Hueycuatitla, Benito Juárez, Veracruz. MA thesis. México, D.F.: Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social.

Totonacan

Totonac

Montes Castañeda, F. (2014). Adquisición de la semántica de las raíces léxicas topológicas de contacto y separación: ‘poner(se)’ y ‘quitar(se)’ prendas de vestir en el totonaco de Santa Ana, Chumatlán, Veracrúz. Master’s thesis. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, México.

North America

Algonquian

Northern East Cree

Henke, R. E. (2019). The development of possession in the L1 acquisition of Northern East Cree. Journal of child language 46(5), 980-997.

Pile, S. C. (2018). Monolingual language acquisition in a mixed language community: a case study of Northern East Cree. MA thesis. Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s.

Rose, Y., & Brittain, J. (2011). Grammar matters: Evidence from phonological and morphological development in Northern East Cree. In M. Pirvulescu, M. C. Cuervo, A. Pérez-Leroux, J. Steele & N. Strik (Eds.), Selected proceedings of the 4th conference on generative approaches to language acquisition North America (pp. 193-208). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.

Athabaskan

Dëne Suliné (Chipewyan)

Cook, E.-D. (2006). The patterns of consonantal acquisition and change in Chipewyan (Dëne Suliné). International journal of American linguistics 72(2), 236-263.

Navajo

Chee. M. R. (2017). A longitudinal cross-sectional study on the acquisition of Navajo verbs in children aged 4 years through 11 years. Doctoral dissertation, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.

Courtney, E. H. & Saville-Troike, M. (2002). Learning to construct verbs in Navajo and Quechua. Journal of child language 29, 623-634.

Eskimo-Aleut

West Greenlandic

Fortescue, M. (1984). Learning to speak Greenlandic: A case study of a two-year-old’s morphology in a polysynthetic language. First language 5, 101-112.

Fortescue, M. & Olsen, L. L. (1992). The acquisition of West Greenlandic. In D. I. Slobin (Ed.), The crosslinguistic study of language acquisition, vol. 3 (pp. 111-219). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Inuit

Inuktitut

Allen, S. E. M. (1996). Aspects of argument structure acquisition in Inuktitut. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. doi:10.1075/lald.13.

Allen, S. (1998). Categories within the verb category: Learning the causative in Inuktitut. Linguistics 36, 633-677.

Allen, S. (2013). The acquisition of ergativity in Inuktitut. In E. L. Bavin & S. Stoll (Eds.), The acquisition of ergativity (pp. 71-105). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Allen, S. E. M. (2017). Polysynthesis in the acquisition of Inuit languages. In M. Fortescue, M. Mithun & N. Evans (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Polysynthesis (pp. 449-472). Oxford University Press.

Allen, S. & Crago, M. (1996). Early passive acquisition in Inuktitut. Journal of child language 23, 129-156.

Iroquoian

Mohawk

Feurer, H. 1980. The acquisition of Mohawk as a first language and its implications for second language teaching. National Museum of Man File No. 1630-8.235. Ottawa, Canada.

Feurer, H. 1983. L’acquisition du pronon personnel en mohawk. R. de le Association Quebecoise de Linguistique 2, 35-49.

Mithun, M. (1989). The acquisition of polysynthesis. Journal of child language 16, 285-312.

Isolate

Zuñi

Kroeber, A. L. (1916). The speech of a Zuñi child. The American anthropologist 18, 529-534.

Siouan

Dakota-Sioux

Nokony, A. (1978). Word and gesture usage by an Indian child. In A. Lock (Ed.), Action, gesture and symbol: The emergence of language (pp. 291-307). New York: Academic Press.

Papua New Guinea

Bosavi

Kaluli

Rumsey, A., San Roque, L. and Schieffelin, B. B. (2013). The acquisition of ergative marking in Kaluli, Ku Waru and Duna (Trans New Guinea). In E. Bavin & S. Stoll (Eds.), The acquisition of ergativity, (pp. 133-182). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Schieffelin, B. B. (1981). A developmental study of the pragmatic appropriateness of word order and casemarking in Kaluli. In W. Deutsch (Ed.), The Child’s Construction of Language, (pp. 105-120). London: Academic Press.

Schieffelin, B. B. (1985). The acquisition of Kaluli. In D. Slobin (Ed.), The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, Vol. 1, (pp. 525-593). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Schieffelin, B. B. (2000). Introducing Kaluli literacy: A chronology of influences. In P. Kroskrity (Ed.), Regimes of Language, (pp. 293-327). Santa Fe NM: School of American Research.

Chimbu-Waghi

Ku Waru

Duna-Bogaya

Duna

South America

Quechuan

Quechua (Runasimi)

Courtney, E. H. & Saville-Troike, M. (2002). Learning to construct verbs in Navajo and Quechua. Journal of child language 29, 623-634.